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:: Volume 8, Issue 4 (Autumn 2020) ::
Shefaye Khatam 2020, 8(4): 70-79 Back to browse issues page
The Relationship Between Pupil Diameter Data and Confidence in Multi-Stage Decisions
Shirin Vafaei , Reza Ebrahimpour * , Sajjad Zabbah
a. Faculty of Computer Engineering, Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University, Tehran, Iran. b. School of Cognitive Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran , rebrahimpour@srttu.edu
Abstract:   (2895 Views)
Introduction: The basic human decision involves several stages of consecutive decisions. In the presence of multi-stage decisions, to avoid interruption in the sequence of decisions, there is no possibility to request a confidence report on the middle stages. This inevitably makes to estimate the confidence of the decision. The challenges involved in applying behavioral data to determine confidence, make it more important to use other types of data. Since eye data is associated with the decision process, this study examined the dynamics of involuntary information, in the context of multi-stage decisions. The pupil size was applied as a valuable source to estimate the decision confidence. Material and Methods: A two-stage psychophysical experiment was designed. In this experiment, participants were instructed to decide about the direction of moving dots in two successive stimuli (right or left for the first stage and up or down for the second stage). Participants were received correct feedback in a trial when they reported the correct direction of both stimuli. During the experiment, the eye movement data of the participants were recorded by an eye-tracking device. Results: The latency of the pupil diameter signal positive peak and pupil diameter at the time of response were meaningfully associated with decision confidence. Furthermore, the results demonstrated that pupil size was altered in the current decision based on the confidence of the previous decision. Conclusion: This research establishes that in the multistage decision making, the confidence of a decision is represented in involuntary information that can reflect the individual's strategy in complex situations. In addition, the confidence of the previous decision can significantly change voluntary and involuntary behaviors in the same manner.
 
Keywords: Reaction Time, Humans, Pupil
Full-Text [PDF 846 kb]   (903 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research --- Open Access, CC-BY-NC | Subject: Basic research in Neuroscience
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Vafaei S, Ebrahimpour R, Zabbah S. The Relationship Between Pupil Diameter Data and Confidence in Multi-Stage Decisions. Shefaye Khatam 2020; 8 (4) :70-79
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Volume 8, Issue 4 (Autumn 2020) Back to browse issues page
مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتم The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam
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