As increasing in elderly population cognitive impairment such as dementia is increasing dramatically. Alzheimer and vascular dementia are two types of dementia that can be result of cardiovascular disorder. Dementia affects quality of life and life expectancy, thus caring and paying attention to mental and somatic complementation after chronic disease is necessary and may be useful in delay the onset of dementia. The aim of this study is to review the link between dementia and cardiovascular disease. In this review study, we searched PubMed by English keywords such as dementia, eged or elderly, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis in the title and elderly in abstract and title, during 2000-2018. We found 55 articles, after reading the abstracts, articles were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria (2 review, 20 originals and 33 unrelated studies). Results of this study reveals that cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis could lead to dementia in the elderly individuals. Thus preventive and conservative implementation were suggested in this risky group.