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رابطه بین رژیم غذایی پرچرب، بیماری شبه آلزایمر و اختلال عملکرد شناختی
طاهره فروتن* ، اعظم عابدی ، میترا نوروزی
گروه زیست‌ شناسی جانوری، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران ، tataforoutan@gmail.com
چکیده:   (126 مشاهده)
مقدمه: بیماری آلزایمر یکی از اختلالات مرتبط با مهارت‌های شناختی شایع در افراد بالای 60 سال است. از آنجا که اغلب یک دوره نهفتگی طولانی بین شروع تغییرات پاتولوژیک اولیه و ظهور علائم بالینی وجود دارد، پیش‌بینی و مداخله زودهنگام در مرحله پیش‌بالینی از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. در آسیب‌شناسی بیماری آلزایمر، عوامل متعددی باعث اختلال در عملکرد نورون‌ها و در نهایت مرگ آنها می‌شوند. رژیم غذایی پرچرب یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل در ایجاد اختلالات پاتولوژیک مرکزی و محیطی است. رژیم غذایی پرچرب می‌تواند منجر به بیماری‌های زمینه‌ای مانند اختلالات شناختی و تخریب عصبی شود. از سوی دیگر، گزارش شده که کودکانی که از مادرانی با تغذیه نامناسب متولد می‌شوند، بیشتر در معرض ابتلا به بیماری‌های مختلف در بزرگسالی، مانند سندرم متابولیک و بیماری‌های عصبی هستند. شواهد متعددی نشان می‌دهد که اختلال عملکرد متابولیک ناشی از رژیم غذایی پرچرب در بزرگسالان می‌تواند به طور قابل توجهی بر رفتار، شناخت و مغز تأثیر بگذارد. رژیم غذایی پرچرب از طریق مسیر پیام رسانی مرکزی- محیطی انسولین به پیشرفت اختلالات پاتولوژیک کمک می‌کند که منجر به از دست دادن حافظه و سایر عملکردهای شناختی می‌شود. نتیجه‌گیری: یافته‌های فعلی نشان می‌دهد که عدم تعادل متابولیکی ناشی از رژیم غذایی پرچرب در آسیب‌شناسی شبه آلزایمر و اختلالات شناختی نقش دارد. تحقیقات آینده باید ارتباط مولکولی بین رژیم غذایی، متابولیسم و سلامت عصبی را بیشتر روشن کند.
 
واژه‌های کلیدی: مقاومت به انسولین، پیوند سلول‌های بنیادی، شناخت
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نوع مطالعه: مروری | موضوع مقاله: نورولوژی
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