Road traffic accidents account for approximately 3000 deaths on a daily basis, and 50 million injuries and 1.2 million deaths each year. In low-income and middle income countries, road traffic accidents account for 85% of deaths and 90% of annual disability. Casualties of this magnitude are a serious problem throughout the world and create a significant impact on society. In addition, neurological disorders due to traffic accidents are a major problem for the health system. Prevention of road accidents saves life and reduces the morbidity and the rate of neurological disorders. Iran and other Middle Eastern countries have one of the highest incidences of fatality rates due to road traffic crashes in the world. To develop effective road safety programs in the region, establish and maintain regional road safety partnerships, and attract funds and resources, a close cooperation among the countries in this region is essential.