---

Introduction: Improvement in health and social situations increased life expectancy. The elderly are more likely experience psychological problems, including loss of cognitive functions. Materials and Methods: The aim of this study was to evaluate current cognitive status among the healthy elderly and those with dementia and to compare that with the recent decade. Accordingly, 230 healthy elderlies from the Jahandidegan center and 98 patients with dementia in Tehran were selected by convenience sampling method. In order to test the status of their current cognitive, the RUDAS and MMSE scales and for the assessment of cognitive status last ten years, IQCDE tool were used. Results: The results showed significant differences between the two healthy and dementia groups in current cognitive status as well as in the last ten years. The mean scores of dementia groups were lower than the healthy group. Conclusion: The results suggest that the elderly with dementia experience significant changes in their cognitive statues and they are faced with effective loss in their cognitive status.