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Along with increasing age of people, mental health problems have become an important concern worldwide. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of cognitive rehabilitation program on hope of the elderly. In this field trial, 70 retired elderly people were recruited via convenience sampling method and randomly allocated into intervention and control groups (n=35 per group). The intervention group participated in 12 one-hour sessions of cognitive rehabilitation program, whereas the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using a demographics form and Snyder et al.’s Hope Scale (1991). It was analyzed by SPSS software using paired t-test and independent t-test at a significant level p <0.05. The mean age of subjects in the intervention and control groups was 61.03 ± 3.81 and 61.02 ± 2.37, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.98, t = 0.001). The post-intervention mean score of hope was significantly higher than the pre-intervention stage (p <0.001), but there was no difference in the control group (p = 0.84). The mean score of hope after intervention was significantly greater in the intervention group than in the control group (p <0.001) while the score before intervention was similar in the two groups (p = 0.09). The cognitive rehabilitation program, including attentive and memory exercises, was effective in those who had somewhat lower hopes. Cognitive rehabilitation program can be a useful instrument for healthcare specialists to improve hope status in the elderly.

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Introduction: The purpose of the present research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on executive functions of war survivors with post-traumatic stress (PTSD). Materials and Methods: It was semi-experimental research with pre-test, post-test, experiment, and control groups. The population of the research includes all injured people of Kermanshah City. 30 subjects were selected by purposeful sampling (15 per group). Barkley's psychological executive functions disorder scale (BDEFS) and Wooders et al. Traumatic Stress Disorder List (1994) were used to collecting data. Results: The results showed that cognitive rehabilitation increased self-control/inhibition, self-motivation, and total score of executive performances in the experimental group compared with the control group. The same findings were observed in the follow-up tests, which indicated the persistent effect of cognitive rehabilitation on mentioned structures. Conclusion: Cognitive rehabilitation can be used as an effective therapeutic approach to reduce psychological and physical dysfunctions as well as to improve executive performances in people with war-related injuries and PTSD.

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Introduction: COVID-19 had negative psychological effects. The aim of this study was to determine the profile of psychosomatic disorders and psychological problems in individuals who recovered from COVID-19 and compare it with healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: The method of this study was an ex post facto method. The statistical population of this study included all people who recovered from COVID-19 in Mashhad in 2021. A sample of 120 participants was identified using the availability sampling method. Two questionnaires were used: General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Psychosomatic Complaint Scale (Takata & Sakata, 2004). Results: The results showed that the profile of psychosomatic disorders and psychological problems significantly differed between individuals who recovered from COVID-19 and healthy individuals. Recovered individuals from COVID-19 had more psychological problems, including depression, anxiety, and psychosomatic issues, than healthy subjects. Conclusion: Psychological interventions should be considered for recovered individuals in order to decrease COVID-19-related psychological problems.