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Showing 4 results for Rahimian

Bahman Jalali Kondori, Elham Rahimian, Mohammad Hossein Asadi, Majid Reza Tahsini ,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (Autumn - 2014)
Abstract

Introduction: Magnetic resonance tractography is a method to identifying anatomical connections in the living human brain. This technique uses data obtained from diffusion of water molecules to display two-dimensional or three-dimensional images of the nerve fiber tracts through performing computational analysis. Thus, it will be possible to check the status of fibers with performing this technique. It is one of the advance techniques in the field of neuroscience which has a diagnostic potential in neurological diseases, such as brain tumors, normal pressure hydrocephalus, multiple sclerosis, stroke, and a large number of other neurological disorders. Conclusion: Tractography is a useful method to identify nerve tracts non-invasively and in-vivo. Compared to invasive techniques, non-invasive nature and ease of obtaining data enable this method to a suitable technique for pre-operative planning of brain surgery.


Elham Rahimian,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (The Autumn Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 3 - 2014)
Abstract

Cranio-cerebral injuries are a common cause of hospital admission following trauma, and long- term morbidity and mortality. Neuroimaging plays an essential role in brain injuries. In the X ray field however simple skull X ray is useful but there is shift toward recognition of intracranial pathology by CT scanning. CT is the most appropriate initial study for acute evaluation of the head-injured patient who may harbor lesion(s) that require immediate neurosurgical intervention. Early and sometimes repeat CT scanning may be required. Cerebral angiography has a role in demonstrating and managing traumatic vascular injuries such as pseudo aneurysm, dissection, fistulae, or diagnosis and neurointerventional treatment of uncontrolled hemorrhage. Dynamic spiral CT angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) have a role as less invasive screening tools for detecting traumatic intracranial, skull base, and/or neck vascular lesions. Intracranial and neck MRA with fat- suppressed T1-weighted neck MR are helpful for screening vascular lesions such as thromboses, pseudo aneurysms, fistulae, or dissection. CTA of the aortic arch and neck vasculature may reveal carotid or vertebral dissection, although angiography remains the gold standard for depicting dissection. MRI in imaging of head trauma is limited while CT is sensitive for detecting injuries requiring a change in treatment, MRI is also used for acute head-injured patients with nonsurgical, medically stable pathology. Hemosidrin-sensitive T2-weighted gradient echo and susceptibility-weighted sequences are helpful for imaging small or subacute or chronic hemorrhages. Diffusion-weighted sequences improve detection of acute infarction associated with head injury. Although management of surgical injuries is not likely to be altered by the substitution of MRI for CT, superior depiction of nonsurgical lesions with MRI may affect medical management and predict the degree of neurologic recovery. Diffusion-weighted MRI and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping depict cytotoxic injury almost immediately. In acute brain trauma, focal contusion and DAI may show restricted diffusion and evolve over time to atrophy or encephalomalacia. Perfusion imaging with CT or MRI may prove helpful as a marker for disorders of vascular autoregulation or ischemia. Diffusion tensor imaging and MR spectroscopy (MRS) are ancillary tools that may offer additional insight into the biochemical and structural patterns of injury following head trauma, as well as prognosis.
Shohreh Rahimian, Sayed Amir Amin Yazdi, Mohammad Amin Edalatmanesh,
Volume 4, Issue 4 (Autumn - 2016)
Abstract

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are characterized by symptoms, such as impaired social interactions and communications as well as restricted and repetitive behaviors and interests, that are detectable in children from 30 months onwards. Since there is no definite treatment, creation of animal models that simulate the symptoms of these disorders are crucial in understanding the etiology and pathology of ASD and its treatment. One of the treatments that directly resulted from animal models is environmental enrichment therapy or sensory enrichment therapy. Conclusion: Environmental enrichment therapy, compared to many common therapies for ASD, have a good efficacy in improving the symptoms and may reduce economic and social impacts on patients and their relatives.


Elham Rahimian,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (The Summer Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 2 - 2018)
Abstract

Epilepsy is a common and disabling neurological disorder initiated by the unpredictable EEG electrical discharges within the brain. Epilepsy management is most effective when the onset zone of the seizures can be exactly localized within the brain. Imaging is crucial in the evaluation and management of patients with epilepsy. MRI is the preferred imaging method for patients with seizures. Detection of structural abnormalities during preoperative investigations requires a dedicated epilepsy protocol for MRI studies. Sensitivity of MRI to find the localization of seizure onset zone has been improved by more advanced MRI technologies in recent years. Neuroimaging is central to the management of patients with medically refractory epilepsy and that play a crucial role for surgically resection process of epileptogenic zone.

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مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتم The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam
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