Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate injuries resulting from accidents and incidents referred to medical centers and hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study. The data of all injured patients admitted to hospitals of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences from March 2014 to March 2015 were reviewed. Accidents and injuries were categorized according to the tenth version of international classification of diseases. Data collected by means of forms and software injury register by Hospital emergency department staff to interview and hospital records, were completed. Results: In total, 131967 cases were reviewed,in which 66% were male and 34 % were female. Traumas, traffic accidents, and falls were major causes of accidents and injuries. Accidents and injuries were more prevalent in 20-29 years old (the younger age groups; 51%). Individuals living in urban areas sustained more injuries compared to individuals from rural areas. A total of 194 deaths were reported due to accidents and injuries. Conclusion: Our findings indicated that traffic accidents constitute a large proportion of accident and injuries. Productive groups (young male) were the most victims of accidents and injuries. Training of different groups, including before and during recruitment, training mothers, and elderly seems to be beneficial. Further studies to improve the registration tools for a better access to reliable data are needed. Promotion knowledge and training, especially in the younger age group, intervention to resolve the accident prone spots as well as technical defects are recommended to reduce the traffic accidents.

Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most neurodegenerative disorder which is characterized by a progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Clinical symptoms do not appear until approximately 70% of dopaminergic neurons and 80% of the striatal dopaminergic terminals have been lost. Thus, detecting nonclinical factors such as detecting biomarker for PD is necessary. In this study, we evaluate the serum level of Cystatin C as a possible biomarker of PD in 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-induced Parkinsonism in rat. Materials and Methods:  Rats were divided into two groups: Parkinson and Control. 6-OHDA was administered by stereotaxic surgery into forebrain bundle. Severity of the Parkinsonism was evaluated by Apomorphine (APO)-induced rotational test at the third and sixth week’s post-surgery. Also, serum level of Cystatin C was measured before surgery and at the third and sixth weeks post-surgery. Results: Although rats of control group didn’t show a significant response to APO, rats of parkinson group showed significant rotations. The rotations at the sixth week’s post-surgery were significantly more than the rotations at the third week’s post-surgery. However, there was no significant difference between serum level of Cystatin C in rats of control and parkinson group. Also, there was no difference between serum level of Cystatin C in rats of parkinson group before and after the surgery. There was no difference between serum level of Cystatin C and severity of symptoms in rats of parkinson group. Conclusion: Our data show that in 6-OHDA animal model of PD, serum level of Cystatin C cannot predict onset or progress of PD and therefore this compound cannot consider as a biomarker for PD.