The Neuroscience Journal of Shefaye Khatam
مجله علوم اعصاب شفای خاتم
Shefaye Khatam
Medical Sciences
http://shefayekhatam.ir
1
admin
2322-1887
2345-4814
10.61186/shefa
fa
jalali
1394
9
1
gregorian
2015
12
1
3
4
online
1
fulltext
fa
P9: Trauma and Inflammation
P9: Trauma and Inflammation
تحقیقات پایه در علوم اعصاب
Basic research in Neuroscience
مروری
Review --- Open Access, CC-BY-NC
<p style="text-align: center;">لطفاً به چکیده انگلیسی مراجعه شود.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">One of the important reasons for death among the worldwide’s population is trauma which is injury or damage to a biological organism caused by physical harm from an external source. After trauma, the immune system and the early inflammatory immune response activation lead to massive injury. Trauma causes activation of nearly all components of the immune system; it also activates the neuroendocrine system. Some endogenous immune triggers seem to have the potential to serve as novel biomarkers in predicting post-traumatic complications. Some mediators release in local tissue by accumulation of toxic by products of metabolic respiration and spillover of these mediators into the peripheral bloodstream causes extensive tissue injury. Hormones like ACTH, corticosteroids and catecholamines as well as cytokines, chemokines and alarmins perform important roles in the starting and persistence of the pro-inflammatory response after severe injury. Inflammation starts after trauma, immediately as a consequence of an efficient host defense system that is capable of sensing exogenous and pathogen-derived danger signals. Host defense system also sense endogenous, multifunctional alarm signals, and both of these two signals can initiate an inflammatory response. A number of receptors are involved in the host inflammatory response, including Toll-like receptors and new family of nucleotide oligomerization domain-like receptors capable of sensing the presence of danger signals in the cytoplasm. Toll-like receptors recognize host-derived, endogenous ‘damage signals’ like heat shock proteins and ‘alarmins’ such as the nuclear protein high-mobility group box protein 1, which are presented as a result of tissue trauma. It can be concluded that when trauma occurs, some pathways trigger, that results to inflammation. The neuroendocrine system, the immune system, hormones, some important mediators and receptors contributes to inflammatory responses.</p>
Inflammation, Trauma, Neuroendocrine
36
36
http://shefayekhatam.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-24-642&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Sedigheh
Ghasemi
Sedigheh
Ghasemi
10031947532846007746
10031947532846007746
No
a. Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran
Ekram
Mohammadi
Ekram
Mohammadi
ekram.mohammadi@yahoo.com
10031947532846007747
10031947532846007747
Yes
Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Rasht, Iran
Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Biotechnology, Rasht, Iran