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Introduction: As a specific learning disorder, mathematical learning disorder is an obstacle to learning mathematics and is associated with problems in remembering numerical facts, accurate and fluent calculation, and mathematical reasoning. The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation programs and transcranial electrical stimulation intervention on the brain waves of children with math learning disorders. Materials and Methods: Thirty students, aged 6 to 10, from Tabriz with learning disabilities, were randomly selected based on inclusion/exclusion criteria using clinical interviews, academic record observations, and the Wechsler IQ test. The study employed a semi-experimental, multi-group pre-test/post-test design. To collect data, Wechsler's children's intelligence scale was used to evaluate normal intelligence as a control variable, and working memory and processing speed scales were used to diagnose learning disorders. After randomly assigning them to the groups, before the intervention, brain waves were recorded with electroencephalography, which were considered as pre-test scores. Then, each of the experimental groups participated separately in the digital cognitive rehabilitation program sessions and transcranial direct current stimulation, while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. After completing the interventions, brain waves were recorded again in all 3 groups and the obtained scores were considered as post-test. Finally, the pre-test and post-test were analyzed. Results: The results indicated that both the cognitive rehabilitation program and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) effectively reduced the absolute power of the frontal theta wave and increased the absolute power of the occipital alpha wave in children with math learning disorders. However, transcranial direct current stimulation showed a greater effectiveness compared to the cognitive rehabilitation program. Conclusion: Transcranial direct current stimulation is an effective treatment for math learning disorders and may be considered a preferred option by specialists in this field.