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Introduction: Neurotransmitters are released from neurons and establish neural connections. These substances play an important role in the formation and connections of the nervous system. The amount of neurotransmitter increases at the same time as the synapse is formed. Neural communication is carried out with the help of a large number of synapses along with various types of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters can be defined as chemicals released from neurons that act on specific receptors. These substances can be expressed in large amounts during certain stages of development, but then remain in only a few synapses. In this study, we will review the types of neurotransmitters and the molecular mechanisms involved in their secretion, describing the importance of this topic in understanding and addressing neurological disorders. Conclusion: Studying neurotransmitters and the molecular pathways involved in their production and release can be instrumental in treating and potentially preventing neurological disorders.