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Showing 11 results for Zohreh
Zohreh Kalani , Pourandokht Pourkermanian, Nasralah Alimohammadi, Abbas Abedi,
Volume 2, Issue 4 (The Autumn Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 3 - 2014)
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a guided family visiting, as an auditory and tactile stimulation, on the consciousness level of comatose head injury patients. A randomized controlled trial design was used. Sixty-four comatose head injury patients were randomly allocated into a control group or an intervention group. Patients in the intervention group were received auditory and tactile stimulations for 45-60 minutes by a family member for 14 days. In control group, in routine way, meetings with the family will be every other day for 30 minutes. Consciousness level was measured half hour before and after each meeting (twice daily) with Glasgow Coma Scale score and 4 score. The independent t-test results demonstrated that the means of the consciousness level at the first day before intervention had no significant difference in both groups. The repeated measured ANOVA results demonstrated that the consciousness level alterations were significant between the two groups over the 14 days of intervention. The results of the present study provided evidence to support that a guided family visiting could induce the stimulation of comatose patients. Therefore, it can be considered as a potential nursing intervention.
Zohreh Maleki, Mohammadreza Dinmohammadi, Taraneh Naghibi,
Volume 3, Issue 3 (The Summer Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 1 - 2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Regular monitoring and maintaining oral endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressure in the normal range in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation in order to maintain adequate ventilation and reduce the risk of complications is essential. This study was aimed to determine the oral ETT cuff pressures in mechanically ventilated patients were admitted to the intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted between February 2015 and June 2015. Fifty patients with oral ETT were admitted to the intensive care unit were selected. Pressure of ETT cuff was measured by a standard calibrated manometer. Data were analyzed by SPSS ver 22. Results: The Mean of oral ETT cuff pressure was 53.40 ± 25.42 cm of H2O. In 76% of cases, the cuff pressure was higher than 30 cm of H2O. There was no correlation between factors related to patients and ETT cuff pressure. Only significant correlation between the ETT cuff pressure and body temperature was observed. Conclusion: Cuff pressure is often higher than safe limits and regular monitoring of the ETT cuff pressure and preventing its consequences are much recommended.
Zohreh Khosravi, Parvin Rahmatinejad, Azam Farah Bijari ,
Volume 3, Issue 4 (Autumn - 2015)
Abstract
Introduction: Because of the high similarity of symptoms and clinical characteristics between borderline personality and bipolar spectrum disorders particularly bipolar-II disorder, some investigators reclassified borderline personality disorder on bipolar spectrum and considered common etiology for two disorders. In the present study in order to evaluate this hypothesis, intimate relationship and anger experience in borderline personality and bipolar-II disorders were compared. Materials and Methods: A sample consists of 27 borderline personality and 31 bipolar-II disorder outpatients, who were referred to the Psychiatric Ward of Kamkar-arabnia hospital in Qom, Iran were selected through convenience sampling method. They answered to "Quality of relationship inventory" (QRI) and "Multidimensional Anger Inventory" (MAI). The mean of variables in both groups were compared by Independent T-test. Results: The results of Independent T-test showed that there was no significant difference between two groups in quality of intimate relationship and anger experience. However, borderline and bipolar-II patients had a significant difference in conflict subscale of QRI and anger arousal subscale of MAI. Compared to the bipolar-II patients, borderline patients were obtained higher scores on both subscales. Conclusion: No significant difference between quality of intimate relationship and anger experience in borderline and bipolar-II groups may suggest authenticity of the hypothesis that borderline disorder belongs to bipolar spectrum and both disorders might have common etiology.
Mahtab Irani, Fatemeh Yardehnavi, Zohreh J Memari,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (The Spring Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 2 - 2017)
Abstract
One of the most important problems in neuroscience researches is the understanding what is the communication between the immune system and central nervous system. Proinflammatory factors play an important role in this communication. The dysregulation of proinflammatory factors such as cytokines and chemokines is a central feature in the development of neuroinflammation.one of the important cytokines is tumor necrosis factor superfamily molecules that role of this cytokine is in the activation, proliferation, differentiation ,and migration of immune cells into the central nervous system. Another important cytokines especially in the onset of inflammatory process is interleukin-1 because of overexpression of this factor which affects with produces many reactions that cause dysfunction and neuronal death. Neuroinflammation is inflammation of the nervous tissue and it is immune response to variety of cues such as infection, toxic metabolites, traumatic brain injury, or autoimmunity. The central nervous system is an immunologically privileged site because the role of blood brain barrier, it has special structure that is composed of astrocytes and endothelial cells. This review will focus on how proinflammatory factors affect neuroinflammation process.
Zahra Parsaei Mehr, Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi, Malihe Parsaei Mehr, Zohreh Saghi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (The Spring Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 1 - 2018)
Abstract
It shows that a possible relationship between anxiety and dissociation disorder. Dissociative disorder includes dissociative amnesia, depersonalization and the realization that they can occur when a person exposes to severe psychiatric stressful events that they have strong negative emotion for him and then he cannot cope with them, so use unsuitable strategies for coping such as memory loss (dissociative amnesia) in order to separate some aspect of traumatic stressful events. In this case report, we presented an 86-year-old man who was presented to the emergency medicine by GI Bleeding because of Ileocecal mass, finally right hemicolectomy and chemotherapy were done. Hospitalization like a traumatic experience increased his anxiety and amnesia of the stressful events that he experienced in this period was occurred. He couldn't remember the specific aspects of his surgery process and hospitalization. Unfortunately, clinicians focused on physical symptoms as the main clinical plan and mental illnesses usually was ignored. Dissociative experiences are life-threatening and can worsen the condition and severity of somatic illness. Such conditions are not uncommon thus routine evaluation of presenting these symptoms is necessary in clinical setting in order to help people to retrieve their memory.
Zahra Parsaei Mehr, Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi, Malihe Parsaei Mehr, Zohreh Saghi,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (The Spring Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 1 - 2018)
Abstract
As increasing in elderly population cognitive impairment such as dementia is increasing dramatically. Alzheimer and vascular dementia are two types of dementia that can be result of cardiovascular disorder. Dementia affects quality of life and life expectancy, thus caring and paying attention to mental and somatic complementation after chronic disease is necessary and may be useful in delay the onset of dementia. The aim of this study is to review the link between dementia and cardiovascular disease. In this review study, we searched PubMed by English keywords such as dementia, eged or elderly, cardiovascular disease, atherosclerosis in the title and elderly in abstract and title, during 2000-2018. We found 55 articles, after reading the abstracts, articles were selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria (2 review, 20 originals and 33 unrelated studies). Results of this study reveals that cardiovascular disease, especially atherosclerosis could lead to dementia in the elderly individuals. Thus preventive and conservative implementation were suggested in this risky group.
Reza Moghaddasi, Ahmad Ali Moazedi, Zohreh Ghotbeddin, Mohammad Reza Akhoond,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (The Spring Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 1 - 2018)
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic cerebral disorder associated with recurrently occurring seizures resulting from over activity of brain neurons. Since more than one percent of the world's population is suffering from epilepsy, this disease is recognized as one of the most important neurological disorders in modern medicine. Studies indicate that impairment in balance and motor activity are known as one of the side effects of epilepsy. Therefore, the use of an antiepileptic drug such as carbamazepine can help to improve these disorders. So, in this research, the effect of carbamazepine during epileptogenesis in dorsal hippocampal kindling on balance and motor activity in adult male rats was investigated. In this study, 60 adult male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: surgical control, methylcellulose (MC), Kindled, carbamazepine (CBZ), kindled-carbamazepine (KCBZ) and the methylcellulose-Kindled (MCK). Animals in the Kindled group stimulate were rapidly kindled by daily stimulation of dorsal hippocampus (12 stimulation per day, 1 ms pulse duration at 50Hz for 3 seconds) in the dorsal hippocampus region(CA1). While animals in the control groups did not receive any stimulation. Animals in the CBZ group received 8 mg of carbamazepine intraperitoneally on the first day after the recovery. The CBZK-group, in addition to receiving 8 mg of carbamazepine on the first day after recovery, received kindling stimulations for 6 days, as the same method with Kindled group. The MCK-group was similar to the CBZK-group with this difference that they received MC instead of CBZ. At the end of kindling stimulation, open field and rotarod tests were respectively used to examine the effect of CBZ on motor activity and balance. The open field test results showed a significant decrease in the motions and rearing frequency in the CBZK-group compared to the MCK-group (p <0.01). Frequency of rearing and motions in the Kindled group also showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p <0.01). Grooming in the CBZK-group compared to the MCK-group show significant decrease (p <0.05) and in the Kindled group showed a significant increase compared to the control group (p <0.05). In the Rotarod test, the balance in the Kindled group was significantly lower than the control group (p <0.05) and in the CBZK-group compared to the MCK-group show significant increase (p <0.01). It seems that Carbamazepine injection during the epileptogenesis by dorsal hippocampal kindling in male rats reduces motor activity but improves balance.
Mina Mohasel Roodi, Faezah Idoon, Hadi Asghari, Ghasem Ivar, Zohreh Sedghi, Javad Hami, Mohamad Mahdi Hasanzadeh Taheri, Akram Sadeghi ,
Volume 6, Issue 2 (The Spring Supplement of Shefaye Khatam 1 - 2018)
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus as a common metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age is rising throughout the globe. Diabetes in pregnancy has various adverse outcomes on different organs development including the central nervous system (CNS) and it can cause learning deficits, behavioral problems and motor dysfunctions in the offspring. The cerebellum is a part of brain that coordinates voluntary movements and controls balance and also participate for motor learning, and language processing. Neurodevelopmental assessment of the child born to diabetic mothers has displayed a short and long-term neurocognitive and neurobehavioral abnormalities in the offspring. Even though neuronal death has also known the main leading cause of diabetic CNS and peripheral neuropathies, the exact mechanism of neuronal death in diabetes type I mellitus has not been completely understood yet. Neurotrophic factor family (NTFs) consists of: nerve growth factor (NGF) family, glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor family ligands (GDNF) and some cytokines. Several processes in neuronal cells such as survival, migration, neurite outgrowth, formation of synapses and neuronal plasticity are controlled by NTFs. In the majority of experimental studies the important role of GDNF and its receptor components (GFRα1 and Ret) in the survival of different populations of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems have been proved. Beside the expression of GDNF in developing Purkinje cell and granule cell layers in many researches has shown. In spite of the fact that subsequent studies demonstrated molecular layer interneuron (MLIs) are essential for normal cerebellar function and motor learning, signals controlling survival and mechanisms migration of Purkinje cells (PCs) from the ventricular zone to form the PC plate during embryonic development of the cerebellum are incompletely unknown. In previous studies reported that the neurotrophic receptor GFRa1 is transiently expressed in developing PCs and loss of GFRa1 delays PC migration. Regarding above mentioned facts, since cerebellum is one of the important parts in the brain for memory/learning processing; on the other hand expression GDNF and GFRα-1 is essential for the development and PCs migration, this study aimed to investigate mRNA expression and distribution pattern of GDNF in different layers of cerebellum in early postnatal development in diabetics' rat off springs.
Zahra Parsaei Mehr, Zohreh Mohamadzadeh Tabrizi, Ali Tajabadi, Zohre Saghi, Saeed Ghalenovi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Autumn 2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Transient loss of consciousness (TLOC) is one of the common causes for referral to hospital. Syncope and seizure can cause TLOC. Syncope and seizures can be the consequences of each other's. Their common features often lead to misdiagnosis. Case Description: The purpose of this study was to present a patient (male, over 80 years), who received antiepileptic treatment for 6 years for seizure-related transient loss of consciousness. Results: Due to repeated episodes of suspected syncope, insertion of a dual-chamber PPM was done. After three years of follow-up, he did not report the occurence of the TLOC. Conclusion: The frequency of the TLOC and its complications emphasize the importance of proper assessments, diagnosis, and treatment. A comprehensive history taking, exact examination, and para-clinical assessments can be very helpful for diagnosis. An incorrect diagnosis can cause economic, psychological, and social problems.
Zohreh Tahmasebi Zadeh, Rezvan Homaei,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (Winter - 2019)
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep disorder seriously affects cognitive and physical functions. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effectiveness of behavioral activation group therapy on ineffective attitudes rate and rumination in women with sleep disorder. Materials and Methods: The research design was a pre-test and post-test with a control group. The research population consisted of all women with insomnia disorder who referred to a psychiatric clinic in Ahvaz, Iran. The sample consisted of 30 individuals who were selected through purposive sampling method and then randomly assigned to two groups of experimental and control. Then, behavioral activation group therapy was performed for 8 sessions (90 minutes per session) for the experimental group. Data was collected using ineffective attitudes and rumination inventory questionnaires. Results: The results showed that after the behavioral activation group therapy, the mean scores of ineffective attitude and rumination were significantly different in the experimental group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our data indicate that behavioral activation group therapy reduces ineffective attitudes and rumination in people with insomnia disorder.
Arash Abdolmaleki, Mehdi Tamjid, Zhila Hamidi Bagehjan, Golnoosh Goodarzifard, Ronak Zohreh, Asadollah Asadi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (Spring 2024)
Abstract
Introduction: Neurotransmitters are released from neurons and establish neural connections. These substances play an important role in the formation and connections of the nervous system. The amount of neurotransmitter increases at the same time as the synapse is formed. Neural communication is carried out with the help of a large number of synapses along with various types of neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters can be defined as chemicals released from neurons that act on specific receptors. These substances can be expressed in large amounts during certain stages of development, but then remain in only a few synapses. In this study, we will review the types of neurotransmitters and the molecular mechanisms involved in their secretion, describing the importance of this topic in understanding and addressing neurological disorders. Conclusion: Studying neurotransmitters and the molecular pathways involved in their production and release can be instrumental in treating and potentially preventing neurological disorders.
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