en P89: The Relationship Between the TNFα of the Microglial Cells and the Multiple Sclerosis تحقیقات پایه در علوم اعصاب Basic research in Neuroscience پژوهشي Research --- Open Access, CC-BY-NC <div style="text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: center; color: rgb(0, 0, 0); text-transform: none; text-indent: 0px; letter-spacing: normal; font-family: Tahoma; font-size: 12px; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; word-spacing: 0px; float: none; display: inline !important; white-space: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; background-color: rgb(251, 250, 249); -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal;">لطفاً به چکیده انگلیسی مراجعه شود.</span></div> <div style="text-align: justify;">TNF&alpha; is an inflammatory cytokine and the caspase and apoptotic processes can be activated by TNF&alpha; There are two classes of TNF&alpha; (solTNF<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAARCAMAAADXCB3qAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAEJQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6ADqQAGa2OgBmOjo6Oma2OpDbZgAAZgA6ZmZmZrb/kNv/tmYAtv//25A625CQ2////7Zm/9uQ//+26i6JGwAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAAAPUlEQVQYV52MyxWAIAzAUhHEDy1S2H9VcQTNKS+HwE9UlqIXaGj93GAchR4NPDRqntcpnvJtjF1Wlzd94AF8WwG+qPDGngAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" >&nbsp;and tmTNF&alpha;) which are important from the receptor aspect, so that solTNF&alpha; and tmTNF&alpha; can attach to the TNFR1, but tmTNF&alpha; just attaches to the TNFR2. Microglia cells are resident immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) and they respond to the injury and infection and also remove the cellular debris. In the neurological disorders, the microglia cells are activated and they secrete cytokines such as TNF&alpha; Some neurological disorders are associated to the TNF&alpha; of activated microglial cells and one of the common diseases is multiple sclerosis (MS). The TNF&alpha; which is secreted by microglial cells, functions through various mechanisms and causes the multiple sclerosis. One of the ways would be that TNF<img alt="" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAgAAAARCAMAAADXCB3qAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAEJQTFRFAAAAAAAAAAA6ADqQAGa2OgBmOjo6Oma2OpDbZgAAZgA6ZmZmZrb/kNv/tmYAtv//25A625CQ2////7Zm/9uQ//+26i6JGwAAAAF0Uk5TAEDm2GYAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAAZdEVYdFNvZnR3YXJlAE1pY3Jvc29mdCBPZmZpY2V/7TVxAAAAPUlEQVQYV52MyxWAIAzAUhHEDy1S2H9VcQTNKS+HwE9UlqIXaGj93GAchR4NPDRqntcpnvJtjF1Wlzd94AF8WwG+qPDGngAAAABJRU5ErkJggg==" >&nbsp;increases the caspase 3 and 8 and stimulates the neuronal destruction. Furthermore, this cytokine changes the levels of the proteins such as tau protein and impairs the synaptic formation. In this article, we will investigate the association between this cytokine and MS.<br> &nbsp;</div> TNFα, Microglial Cells, Multiple Sclerosis 120 120 http://shefayekhatam.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-24-1269&slc_lang=en&sid=1 Milad Ashrafizadeh Milad Ashrafizadeh dvm.milad73@yahoo.com 100319475328460016199 100319475328460016199 Yes Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Vahab Asemani Vahab Asemani 100319475328460016200 100319475328460016200 No Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Department of Basic Science, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran Sedighe Abdollahzadeh Sedighe Abdollahzadeh 100319475328460016201 100319475328460016201 No Department of Basic Science, Molecular Genetics Faculty, Zahedan University, Zahedan, Iran Department of Basic Science, Molecular Genetics Faculty, Zahedan University, Zahedan, Iran