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Articles In Press |
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The role of biomarkers in anxiety disorders
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Zahra Behzad Basirat   , Faezeh Yaghoubi , Nafiseh Hadei , Fatemeh Davoodi-Dehaghani , Amir mohamad Behzad Basirat * , Batool Mousavi |
| a. Janbazan Medical and Engineering Research Center (JMERC), Tehran, Iran. b. Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. c. Department of Biology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. , mb.amir103@gmail.com |
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Abstract: (49 Views) |
Introduction: Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric illnesses, with their incidence increasing alongside the development of modern societies. The World Health Organization reports that the number of individuals affected by these disorders has increased by more than 1.5-fold in recent years. These disorders encompass a wide spectrum, including separation anxiety, selective mutism, various phobias, social anxiety disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and agoraphobia. Studies indicate that the prevalence of these disorders is approximately twice as high in women as in men, and unfortunately, the rates of these conditions are higher in Iran compared to many other countries. In recent years, the use of biomarkers has gained attention as a novel tool for diagnosing and better understanding psychiatric illnesses, including anxiety disorders. Biomarkers are measurable indicators that can reflect the biological state of the body or the severity of a disease. This study aims to investigate the potential role of several markers—such as cortisol, growth hormone, serotonin, insulin, testosterone, catecholamines, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glucocorticoids, immunoglobulins, fibroblast growth factor 2, and inflammatory factors, in the occurrence and exacerbation of anxiety disorders. Alterations in the levels of hormones and neurotransmitters like cortisol (the stress hormone), serotonin (mood regulator), and GABA (nervous system inhibitor) may play a significant role in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Furthermore, examining the role of inflammatory factors and the immune system in these disorders can contribute to a better understanding of the biological mechanisms underlying anxiety. Conclusion: Changes in the levels of certain biomarkers may contribute in the development of anxiety disorders and the exacerbation of their symptoms. However, further research is necessary to establish these markers as a more precise tool for the diagnosis, prediction, and treatment of anxiety disorders.
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| Keywords: Mental Disorders, Second Messenger Systems, Neurotransmitter Agents, Inflammation |
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Full-Text [PDF 846 kb]
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Type of Study: Review --- Open Access, CC-BY-NC |
Subject:
Basic research in Neuroscience
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