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Improving muscle strength and neuroplasticity in multiple sclerosis patients: Combined effects of electromyographic biofeedback, isometric exercises and EEG monitoring
Mahdi Miri , Ehsan Tahami * , Gelare Veisi
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Isamic Alzad University, Mashhad, Iran , tahami59@iau.ac.ir
Abstract:   (94 Views)
Introduction: This randomized controlled study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of electromyographic biofeedback (EMG-BF) as an adjunct therapy alongside isometric exercises and electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: In this study, 20 patients with MS were randomly divided into two groups: the EMG-BF group (n = 10) and the control group (n = 10). The exercise program was implemented for six weeks, five days a week. The control group performed isometric exercises only, while the EMG-BF group received isometric exercises combined with EMG-BF and EEG monitoring. The evaluation indicators included pain intensity (VAS), quadriceps strength (with ISOMOVE dynamometer), knee function (Kujala questionnaire), and EEG beta wave signal strength (μV²) in the motor areas of the brain. Measurements were made at five stages (baseline, weeks 2, 4, 6, and 12). Results: The results showed that in the EMG-BF group, pain intensity significantly improved from 6.5 ± 1.2 to 6.0 ± 1.2, muscle strength from 125.3 ± 18.7 N to 185.7 ± 23.4 N, and knee function from 45.2 ± 5.8 to 8.72 ± 8.9, while the control group improved to 9.3 ± 0.8, 158.6 ± 20.7 N, and 59.3 ± 7.1, respectively, at week 12. EEG analysis also showed a significant increase in beta signal power in the EMG-BF group from 14.8 ± 0.1 to 2.20 ± 1.2 versus 14.6 ± 0.9 to 3.16 ± 0.1 in the control group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the addition of EMG-BF and EEG to isometric exercises not only reduces pain and improves muscle strength and knee function, but also enhances neuromuscular coordination and neuroplasticity in MS patients.
Keywords: Electroencephalography, Pain Measurement, Quadriceps Muscle, Motor Corte, Movement Disorders
Full-Text [PDF 2315 kb]   (49 Downloads)    
Type of Study: Research --- Open Access, CC-BY-NC | Subject: Neurorehabilation
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